What is gastrostomy tube care?
Gastrostomy tube care involves the maintenance and cleanliness of a gastrostomy tube, which is a medical device inserted through the abdominal wall into the stomach. This tube allows for the direct administration of nutrition, fluids, and medications to individuals who are unable to consume food or liquids orally. Proper care is essential to prevent complications such as infection and ensure the effective functioning of the gastrostomy tube. Here are the general steps for gastrostomy tube care:
Daily Care:
- Hand Hygiene:
- Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after handling the gastrostomy tube or any related supplies.
- Check the Site:
- Inspect the skin around the gastrostomy tube for signs of redness, swelling, irritation, or discharge. Report any abnormalities to the healthcare provider.
- Cleaning:
- Clean around the tube site with mild soap and water or as per healthcare provider recommendations.
- Gently remove any crusted or dried drainage.
- Rotate the Gastrostomy Tube:
- Rotate the gastrostomy tube a quarter turn each day to prevent it from sticking to the skin.
- Securement:
- Ensure that the tube is securely taped or anchored to prevent accidental pulling or dislodgement.
Feeding and Medication Administration:
- Flushing:
- Flush the gastrostomy tube with water before and after each feeding, medication administration, or as directed by the healthcare provider.
- Feeding Tube Formula:
- Administer prescribed formula or liquid medications through the gastrostomy tube as instructed by the healthcare provider.
- Check Residuals:
- For individuals on enteral feedings, check for residuals (the amount of fluid left in the stomach) before each feeding to prevent overfeeding.
Weekly or as Needed:
- Tube Replacement:
- Replace the external gastrostomy tube dressing as needed or according to healthcare provider recommendations.
- Balloon Check:
- If the gastrostomy tube has an internal balloon, check the balloon inflation as directed by the healthcare provider.
- Assessment:
- Regularly assess the individual for signs of infection, intolerance, or complications related to the gastrostomy tube.
Precautions:
- Positioning:
- Keep the individual in an upright position during and after feedings to prevent reflux.
- Hydration:
- Ensure adequate hydration, especially if the individual is not receiving sufficient fluids through the gastrostomy tube.
- Education:
- Individuals with a gastrostomy tube should receive proper education on care, signs of complications, and emergency procedures.
It’s crucial to follow the specific care instructions provided by healthcare professionals or medical personnel overseeing the individual’s treatment. Regular communication with healthcare providers is essential for the ongoing management and care of individuals with gastrostomy tubes.
